History
Stephen F. Austin established the first settlement in what is now Austin County in 1821, bringing 300 families to the region as part of his Texas colony. This became the first successful Anglo-American settlement in Mexican Texas. Early settlers faced significant challenges, particularly conflicts with the Karankawa tribe and poor infrastructure, which made it difficult to transport essential supplies and cultivate the land. As the colony grew, large numbers of German and Czech immigrants joined the original Anglo settlers, shaping the county's culture and economy. In 1823, San Felipe de Austin became the colony’s headquarters and served as a hub for political discussions, including early opposition to Mexican rule and the push for Texas statehood. During the Texas Revolution, settlers burned San Felipe to prevent the advancing Mexican Army from capturing it. Following Texas’ independence, Austin County was officially established in 1837. While it played a central role in Texas' early history, the county gradually transitioned into an agriculturally driven economy, focusing on farming and ranching, a tradition that continues today.
Recreation
Austin County’s deep historical roots make it a fascinating destination for history enthusiasts. San Felipe de Austin State Historic Site showcases the history of Stephen F. Austin’s colony, featuring exhibits on Texas’ early colonization and the Texas Revolution. Nearby, Stephen F. Austin State Park, located along the Brazos River, offers hiking, camping, and wildlife observation. Each October, the Austin County Fair brings the community together for carnival rides, live music, rodeo events, and agricultural exhibits, celebrating the county’s rich heritage.
Industry
Austin County's economy is primarily driven by agriculture, ranching, and energy production. Large farms and ranches dominate the landscape, with cattle ranching serving as a major industry. Crop farming, including corn, hay, and cotton, also plays a significant role. Beyond agriculture, oil and gas production has expanded, with numerous wells tapping into the Eagle Ford Shale formation, a key contributor to the local economy. These industries, along with small businesses and local trade, continue to sustain Austin County’s economic landscape.